sohtjrmann



(No Model.)

W. R. SCHURMANN.

V 4 Roll.

No. 242,() 58. Patented May 24, 1881.

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UNITED' STATES WVTLHELM R. SCHTRMANN, OF, DSSELDORF, GEBMANY.

ROLL.

SPECIFICATION -forming part of Letters Patent- No. 242,058, dated May 24, 1881.

i Application filed March 5, 1881. (No model.)

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be -it known that I, WILHELM RICHARD SGHRMANN, citizen of the German Empire, residing at Dsseldorf, have invented new and useful Improvements in Rolls, ot' which the following is a specification.

This invention consists in a roll provided with recesses in its ends extending round its axle, so that in rolling plane or curved surfaces the pressure on the taps or journals of the roll is reduced, and the roll will touch the article to be rolled with a uniforn prcssure throughout its entire length.

This invention is illustrated ill the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a partly-sectional side view of a roll such as is now in common use. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of another roll at present in common use. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are sections of my improved roll. Fig. 6 is a section of a modification of the same.

Similar letters indicate correspondin g parts.

Rolls of the present construction, whether made solid, with the journal ends cast on, as shown in Fig. 1, or whether made with a separate axle, as shown in Fig. 2, are liable to a deflection of their body by the extra pressure to which the journals are exposed during the operation of rollin g, in addition to the pressure produced by the weight of the roll. If such rollsare made exactly cylindrical, they will, during the operation of rolling, bear hardest on the material to be rolled toward their ends and least toward their middle, thereby producing inaccuracies which it is very desirable to avoid. In order to acconplish this object, the rolls have been made slightly arched or convex in the working-line of their surfaces so as to compensate for the deflection during the operation ot' rolling, the convexity being proportioned as near as possible to the mean pressure which is brought to bear upon the journals of the rolls. Such rolls will work correctly as long as the pressure during the operation ot' rolling is equal to this mean pressure; but if the pressure varies the rolls will not produce any accurate or correct wo'rk.

These difficulties are sought to be obviated by my invention.

In Fig. 3 I have shown a roll made solid with the journal ends and constructed according to my inveution. By referring to this figure it will be seen that the middle portion, a, of the roll A is made solid, while the ends of the roll have their interier snrfaces, b, tapered in a uniform outward direction from the ends of the roll to the point of contact between the axle and the central longitudinal thickened body of the roll, said axle having the tapering projections c, the ends ot' which are turned down to forn the journals d. The workingsurface of my roll is made perfectly cylindrical. It' we now suppose that the roll is supported throughout its entire length, a y, and that the journals d are exposed to pressure acting in the direction of the arrows shown opposite to them, and it' the solid portion a, be nade infinitely small, the pressure on the journals will cause a detlection of the two projections c c only, leaving the working surface of the roll in condition to touch uniformly throughout its entire length; but since, for practical reasons which are apparent, the solid middle portion, a, must be made sutfioiently large to produce a firm connection between the various portions of the rolls, this middle portion will have the tendency to deflect; but this deflection will be compesated for by the incrcased compression to which the recessed ends of the roll are subjected. In paying due regard to the length of the body of the roll and to the mean distance between its jonrnals, the required length of the solid portion a can be easily found by calculation, so that the forces tending to defiect this middle portion will be counteracted by the opposing forces, and the material to he rolled will be exposed to a uniform pressnre throughout the entire length of` the rolls.

Forrolls with jouruals of the ordinary length the solid portion a must -be made about equal to one-third of the entire length ot' the body A of the roll. This proportion may be adopted in most cases, and if a very slight deflection is not an object, the length of the solid portion a, may even be increased beyond one-third of the entire length of the body.

My rolls can also be made to work together with the cylindrical rollers of the old construction, which, when their journals are exposed to pressure, have a tendency to a conoave deflection of their working-line, because my rolls,

ifnot too thiek in metnl, :tre able to ;id-apt themselves closely to the eonenre rolls, even if they should he provided with nn inwnrdly-proieeting rim or re-enl'oreenentm,os shown in Fig. G.

Instead of making* the body of iny roll nnd projections c c ont of one piece, as shown in Fig. 3, itis prelernhle in nostenses, particularly l'or chilled-iron rolls, to pnt in nn nxle, B, nnde of steel or nny other nnterinl ol" sni'licient strength and elnsticity, :s shown in FigA.

If it is desired thnt the roll shall revolve on its nxle, I provide the nxle with :L ehnnnehf, and bent tnhe, g, for the introduction ot' :t snitahlelnbiicnting nialeinl. (See Fig. 5.) In either of these cases both ends ol' each roll are tapering, ns shown, so as to l'orn the tapering recesses c c round the axle B.

A pressureroll hns le'etol'ore been constrneted ot'anelal tube or shell, through which passes n shefi; having hends or hearings nt :t distance o'nhont onefonrth the length of the roll froni its ends, which iit the interier of the tube or shell nt corresponding points, thns supporting it nt points on opposite sides of the center, the renainder ot' the shni't being of less diameter thn the interior of the tube, so as to permit its central potion to spring inside of said tube between the heads or bearings, and the ends of said shaft have been made to teper; but a roll eonstrneted in this monner does not constitute my invention, and is not claimed by me.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A roll thiekened nt its center and eentrolly snstained by direct contact with the axle, snid roll having hollow ends, the interio' surt'nces of which are nnifornly tapered in an ontwnrd direction from the point of contact with the nxle and the ends of' the roll, suhstantially as described.

2. An improved roll eonstrneted with a central longitndinal thickened body eentrally sustnined by the axle, and having the inne' suri'zces, b,ot' its hollowends tapered nniformlyin an ontwnrd direction from the point of contact between the ends ot' the roll and the longitndinnl thieknened center body of the roll, substmtinlly os shown :nd herein described.

In testinony whereot' I have hereunto set my lznd in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

W. R. SCHURMANN. Wi tnesses:

WM. LANGE, E. BORGS. 

